Unstationary transient modes operation of blast furnaces in the start-up period after construction or reconstruction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/steelcast2024.03-04.001Keywords:
blast furnace, blowing, development of power, duration, inflating, inflation rate, transition modesAbstract
The purpose of the presented work is to determine tasks and characteristic features of three periods transition of blast furnaces (BF) from start-up to stationary mode of the smelting, namely blowing, blowing and development of the furnace capacity. It is shown that task of the blowing period is the formation of primary zone of the cohesion and establishment of five-zone column structure of the charge inherent in the stationary mode of blast furnace melting. The task of adjacent blowing and development of the furnace power periods is to achieve the working level of gas blowing parameters – flow rate and blowing temperature together with increased pressure of gases in working space of the furnace. It is shown that completion of the blowing and beginning of the blowing periods is a forced reduction blowing flow rate as a result of the formation of a cohesion zone in column of charge and an increase in its resistance. Visually, the boundary of these periods is characterized by breaks in the curves of changes in furnace gas temperatures and CO and CO2 content over time – the temperature increases after break, and gas content stabilizes at certain levels. It was established that the recommendation to increase the blowing flow in the blowing period at a rate of 30–35 m3/h is not universal, as it does not take into account the dimensions of the blast furnace. It is shown that at the initial relative flow in the inflation period of 1.0 Vd / Vcor . min with an inflation rate of 35 m3/h, the duration of the blowing period of the 1033 m3 BF will be 1.2 days, and the 5000 m3 BF will last 6 days. That is, another well-known recommendation regarding the same duration of the inflation period of 5–6 days needs correction. The modern practice of construction and reconstruction of blast furnaces is aimed at the use of a ceramic glass in the furnace and bottom, therefore, based on the experience of far abroad, the duration of the blowing period can be shortened due to the period of melting of cast iron.Furnaces of large volume require an extended period of power development, in which the condition for each subsequent increase in gas pressure parameters is to maintain stability temperature regime of lining of the furnace, sump and bottom.
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