Methods of Monochromatic One- and Two-Color Radiation Thermometry of Melts in Metallurgy. Part 2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/steelcast2026.02.063Keywords:
Monochromatic one- and two-color radiation thermometry, melt, thermodynamic and conditional temperature, spectral emissivity, correction, measurement model, uncertainty of measurementAbstract
The article is devoted to the second group of the methods of monochromatic one- and two-color thermometry – those, measurement models of which include correction parameters for spectral emissivity of “non-black” objects to be accounted for. The metallic melts belong to such objects. In contrast to multicolor methods, the last have smaller instrumental component of temperature measurement uncertainty, so their application makes sense from the point of view of increasing measurement accuracy and reliability of melt temperature control. Based on generalizing models of thermodynamic temperature measurements, a classification of methods of the second group of radiation thermometry is proposed. There are 25 methods have been found. In accordance to the classification, they belong to 4 generalizing measurement models. It has been established, that for the vast majority (subgroup 1) of methods, a generalising model derived from the Wien's formula, is valid. In this context, the 15 methods in subgroup 1 are characterised by the same set of input quantities, including the values of spectral emissivity at the corresponding wavelengths. The generalizing models for the remaining 3 subgroups of methods are empirical or based on some a priori dependencies between the values of spectral emissivity at two wavelengths. The field of their adequate applicability is restricted by those metallurgical objects, where mentioned conditions are held. The most universal can be supposed those methods, measurement models of which include values of spectral emissivity in an explicit form. It has been justified, that under conditions of significantly changing emissivity characteristics of melts, the most metrologically effective is correction of mentioned thermometry methods “in situ”, in real time. To realize this, it is necessary to use the independent from temperature measurement contactless methods of spectral emissivity evaluation. Taking into consideration complexity of technical realization and cost, the passive methods of emissivity evaluation are the most appropriate in the case of melts. The passive methods are based on the measurement of quantities, which are invariant to the temperature and a priori established models of spectral emissivity. Two-stage conception of temperature measurement accuracy increasing has been proposed. The list of thermometry methods and methods of spectral emissivity evaluation to be following metrologically analyzed, has been determined.
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